Title:Disruptive Nanozyme Technology for Futuristic Bio-Medical and Bio-imaging Applications
Volume: 17
Issue: 6
Author(s): Lakshmipathy Muthukrishnan*
Affiliation:
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077,India
Keywords:
Nanozymes, ion-adsorption, surface-modification, oxido-reductases, superoxide-dismutase, antibacteria,
theranostics, cellular imaging.
Abstract: Biocatalysts or enzymes have a pivotal role in speeding up most of the biochemical reactions
that drives life processes. Although substrate-specific and promising, there are some pitfalls
that limit their use for wide application. To counteract the shortcomings, artificial enzymes possessing
enzyme characteristics with additional qualities have been devised, and that kick-started in
the late 2000s. This review aims to provide an overview of nanozymes, designing concepts, nanomaterials
and applications. To begin with, the limitations encountered by natural enzymes and its
replacement with nanozymes have been highlighted. Secondly, how nanozymes evolved in due
course of time, their classification and engineering strategies have been briefly described. Most importantly,
the engineering of nanozymes for improved catalytic activities has also been discussed. A
clear distinction between the enzymatic-mimic for various clinical and bioimaging applications has
been critically reviewed. With this rapidly emerging technology, there would be a great demand pertaining
to scalability, biosafety, catalytic diversity and environmental impacts challenging the futuristic
world.
