Title:A Review on Development and Characterization of a Cost-effective Targeted Quality-driven Antimalarial Product with an Emphasis on Phytosomes
Volume: 22
Issue: 15
Author(s): E. Bhargav*, Padmanabha Reddy Y and K.B. Koteshwara
Affiliation:
- Research scholar, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka,India
Keywords:
Drug-resistant malaria, Nanophytosomes, Quality by Design, Molecular simulation studies, target drug delivery,
Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET).
Abstract: Malaria, a protozoan disease, led to numerous deaths and several new million cases
raised due to the development of resistance as per the WHO malaria report 2019. This can be overcome
by the development of an effective targeted plant-based delivery system through phytosomes
that are effective in permeation and bioavailability to treat infected RBCs (parasitic cells). This review
article explained the development of targeted Nanophytosomes to overcome resistance, to improve
efficacy. This review paper also emphasized various quality-driven developmental approaches
in developing an antimalarial product at a reasonable cost. By implementing molecular modeling
techniques in development, a significant phytoconstituent with the capability of acting at the target
(receptor or enzymes) of the parasite and the one with the capability to overcome drug resistance
against resistant strains of parasites can be identified. Absorption Distribution Metabolism
Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) studies information provide a route to the design and formulation
of a potent antimalarial agent. Efficient, targeted Nanophytosomal formulations can be formulated
by functionalizing or conjugating with suitable targets to direct the phytoconstituent to the infected
RBCs thereby achieving complete parasitic eradication. Artificial Neural Network technology
(ANN), Quality by Design (QbD), molecular dynamics, and simulation studies implementation
improves quality and reduces the cost of the product, as these malarial products are much utilized
in low-income countries. Hence it can be concluded that targeted developmental quality-driven approaches
implementation is essential for effective malarial treatment.
