Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Coronaviruses

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2666-7967
ISSN (Online): 2666-7975

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Neurovirulence of SARS CoV2: From Clinical Data to Preclinical Neuropsychological Exploration

Author(s): Youness Kadil * and Houda Filali

Volume 3, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 02 February, 2021

Article ID: e020221191025 Pages: 4

DOI: 10.2174/2666796702666210202124417

Open Access Journals Promotions 2
Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic represents a major health issue caused by SARS CoV2, a human coronavirus. Since the outbreak of this pandemic, the literature on SARS CoV-2 has grown differentially, with increased awareness of extra-respiratory symptoms, including neurological symptoms.

Methods: Review based on studies published from December 2019 to June 2020.

Results and Discussion: This review discusses the neurological aspect of SARS CoV2, including the suggested mechanism involved. Neurological disorders are cited in addition to emerging experimental models with viral involvement.

Conclusion: There is a need for further investigation to clarify how it can lead to the onset of acute and chronic neurological disorders, mentioning the importance of experimental studies in neuropsychopharmacology.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS CoV2, nervous system, neuropsychopharmacology, neurological disorders, central nervous system.

[1]
Michalicová A, Bhide K, Bhide M, Kováč A. How viruses infiltrate the central nervous system. Acta Virol 2017; 61(4): 393-400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/av_2017_401] [PMID: 29186956]
[2]
Wu Y, Xu X, Chen Z, et al. Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87: 18-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.031] [PMID: 32240762]
[3]
Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8(4): 420-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X] [PMID: 32085846]
[4]
Li K, Wohlford-Lenane C, Perlman S, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4. J Infect Dis 2016; 213(5): 712-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv499] [PMID: 26486634]
[5]
Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell M, Perlman S. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol 2008; 82(15): 7264-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00737-08] [PMID: 18495771]
[6]
Desforges M, Le Coupanec A, Dubeau P, et al. Human coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses: underestimated opportunistic pathogens of the central nervous system? Viruses 2019; 12(1): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010014 PMID: 31861926
[7]
Bohmwald K, Gálvez NMS, Ríos M, Kalergis AM. Neurologic alterations due to respiratory virus infections. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12: 386.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00386] [PMID: 30416428]
[8]
Yeh EA, Collins A, Cohen ME, Duffner PK, Faden H. Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Pediatrics 2004; 113(1 Pt 1): e73-6. PMID: 14702500
[9]
Desforges M, Favreau D J, Brison É, et al. Human Coronaviruses: Respiratory pathogens revisited as infectious neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent agents. 2013.
[10]
Roberts A, Deming D, Paddock CD, et al. A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice. PLoS Pathog 2007; 3(1)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030005] [PMID: 17222058]
[11]
Bray M, Davis K, Geisbert T, Schmaljohn C, Huggins J. A mouse model for evaluation of prophylaxis and therapy of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis 1998; 178(3): 651-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/515386] [PMID: 9728532]
[12]
Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. Response to Commentary on “The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients”. J Med Virol 2020; 92(7): 707-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25824 PMID: 32246783
[13]
Gu J, Gong E, Zhang B, et al. Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS. J Exp Med 2005; 202(3): 415-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20050828] [PMID: 16043521]
[14]
Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, et al. Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol 2020; 77(6): 683-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127] [PMID: 32275288]
[15]
Poyiadji N, Shahin G, Noujaim D, Stone M, Patel S, Griffith B. COVID-19–associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features. Radiology 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201187]
[16]
Filatov A, Sharma P, Hindi F, Espinosa PS. Neurological complications of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): encephalopathy. Cureus 2020; 12(3)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7352] [PMID: 32328364]
[17]
Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, Yan W, Yang D, Chen G, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study. Aspiration Pneumonia Caused by Neuromyelitis Optica in a Patient with Suspected COVID-19. ADVANCED ULTRASOUND IN DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY 2020; 4(2): 138-41.
[18]
Zhao Y, Liu J, Wu S, et al. Aspiration Pneumonia Caused by Neuromyelitis Optica in a Patient with Suspected COVID-19. ADVANCED ULTRASOUND IN DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY 2020; 4(2): 138-41.
[19]
Zhang Q L, Ding Y Q, Hou J L, et al. Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus RNA in autopsy tissues with in situ hybridization. Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao= Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 2003; 23(11): 1125-7.
[20]
Xu X W, Wu X X, Jiang X G, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. bmj 2020; 368.
[21]
El Otmani H, El Moutawakil B, Rafai MA, et al. Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: More than a coincidence! Rev Neurol (Paris) 2020; 176(6): 518-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2020.04.007] [PMID: 32359804]
[22]
Hosokawa T, Nakajima H, Sawai T, et al. Clinical features of Guillain-Barré syndrome patients with elevated serum creatine kinase levels. BMC Neurol 2020; 20(1): 214.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01796-z] [PMID: 32460711]
[23]
Leber AL, Everhart K, Balada-Llasat JM, et al. Multicenter evaluation of BioFire FilmArray meningitis/encephalitis panel for detection of bacteria, viruses, and yeast in cerebrospinal fluid specimens. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54(9): 2251-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00730-16] [PMID: 27335149]
[24]
Swanson PA II, McGavern DB. Viral diseases of the central nervous system. Curr Opin Virol 2015; 11: 44-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2014.12.009] [PMID: 25681709]
[25]
Sardu C, Gambardella J, Morelli MB, Wang X, Marfella R, Santulli G. Is COVID-19 an endothelial disease? Clin Basic Evid 2020.
[26]
Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ. HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet 2020; 395(10229): 1033-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0] [PMID: 32192578]
[27]
Ouattara LA, Barin F, Barthez MA, et al. Novel human reovirus isolated from children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 17(8): 1436-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1708.101528] [PMID: 21801621]
[28]
Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020; 382(18): 1708-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032] [PMID: 32109013]
[29]
Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U, Syeda H. Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host–virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11(7): 995-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122] [PMID: 32167747]
[30]
Abboud H, Abboud F Z, Kharbouch H, Arkha Y, El Abbadi N, El Ouahabi A. COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Clinical Effects on the Nervous System. World Neurosurgery 2020; 140: 49-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.193] [PMID: 32474093] [PMCID: PMC7255736]
[31]
Nitulescu GM, Paunescu H, Moschos SA, et al. Comprehensive analysis of drugs to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection: Mechanistic insights into current COVID-19 therapies (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46(2): 467-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4608] [PMID: 32468014]
[32]
Keller E, Brandi G, Winklhofer S, et al. Central Nervous System Disorders in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: detailed clinical work-up of eight cases 2020; 140: 49-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.193] [PMID: 32474093] [PMCID: PMC7255736]
[33]
Leonardi M, Padovani A, McArthur JC. Neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19: a review and a call for action. J Neurol 2020; 267(6): 1573-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09896-z] [PMID: 32436101]
[34]
Reinhold AK, Rittner HL. Barrier function in the peripheral and central nervous system-a review. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469(1): 123-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-016-1920-8
[PMID: 27957611]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
16
1
Wayfinder Image
Open Access Journals Promotions
World Pneumonia Day
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy