Title:Evaluation of Biological Effects and Toxicity of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles and Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Alone Following Intravenous Injection in Mice
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Author(s): Sangeetha Aula, Samyuktha Lakkireddy, Atya Kapley, Neha Hebalkar, Rakesh K. Sharma, Shantveer G. Uppin and Kaiser Jamil*
Affiliation:
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), Hyderabad, Telangana,India
Keywords:
Silver nanoparticles, Hemocompatibility, Oxidative stress, Genotoxicity, Histopathology, Acute toxicity.
Abstract: Background: The exciting benefits of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the biomedical
field necessitate generating knowledge on the safety concerns which have been raised over the applications
of these NPs.
Objective: To understand the biological effects and mechanism of toxicity induction of
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) stabilized AgNPs as well as CTAB alone in mice following
intravenous injection.
Methods: The investigations were carried out by measuring hematological and serum biochemical
parameters, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histopathology.
Results: AgNPs’ treatment was found to induce a marked decrease (p<0.05) in platelet and lymphocyte
count, Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), and an increase (p<0.05) in granulocytes
count and Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) whereas CTAB treatment-induced
a decrease in platelet count. The decrease in glutathione (GSH) and an increase in lipid peroxidation
(LPO) levels in the liver, spleen, and kidney of mice suggest the potential role of AgNPs
in inducing oxidative stress. Genotoxicity was apparent from the increased comet parameters and
micronuclei formation observed in the liver, spleen, and kidney of mice treated with AgNPs and
CTAB. Histological examination in mice treated with AgNPs and CTAB showed diffused venous
congestion and focal venous congestion respectively in the liver, while mild red pulp congestion in
the spleen and acute tubular necrosis in the kidney were also observed.
Conclusion: There is a need to develop methods to dissolve the toxicity of CTAB, thereby it inducing
relatively low or no toxicity without compromising the stability of nanosilver formation. Such
insights are believed to be fundamental in the synthesis of high-performance AgNPs demonstrated
for outstanding biomedical applications.
