Title:A Review on Rheumatoid Arthritis Interventions and Current Developments
Volume: 22
Issue: 4
Author(s): Nikita Khanna, Anil Kumar*Sandip V. Pawar*
Affiliation:
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh,India
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh,India
Keywords:
Rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disorder, inflammation, treat to target, lifestyle management, bioinformatics.
Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation,
swelling, and joint destruction primarily affecting the peripheral joints. In recent years, RA has
become an alarming concern affecting more than 1.5% of the population worldwide. The majority
of the drugs in clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis are immunomodulatory. The development of
novel drugs for RA is impending and scientists are exploring new strategies through various
innovative approaches for RA drug development. Treat-to-target and window of opportunity
hypothesis are the new approaches that are used to treat, improve outcomes, and prevent long-term
use of ineffective therapy, respectively. Novel therapeutic agents (e.g. GM-CSF inhibitors, Matrix
metalloproteinase inhibitors) and delivery systems (e.g., Liposomes, Superparamagnetic iron oxide
nano particles (SPIONs)) are under investigation for more target based therapy with reduced side
effects and toxicity. The new drug discovery and repositioning of previously FDA-approved drugs
are also being considered for chronic inflammatory disorder. The review encompasses a vast array
of information, including genetics, etiology, clinical symptoms, current treatment, and newer
therapeutics approaches, focused on the development of RA interventions. The introduction of the
bioinformatics-based approach in RA has also been significantly discussed in the review. This
review provides a general understanding of the challenges and uncertainties in the treatment of RA
and summarizes the evolving scenario as well as innovative approaches taken into consideration
for drug development in rheumatoid arthritis.
