Title:Role of Gut Microbiota in Human Health and Diseases
Volume: 17
Issue: 4
Author(s): Athira P. Narayanan, Ankitha Latika, Anjali S. Nair, Pooja Ajeesh, Nirdesh S. Kumar and Merin Babu*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala,India
Keywords:
Microbiota, atherosclerosis, ulcer, obesity, cancer, multiple sclerosis, liver disease.
Abstract: Every human body has a gut microbiome, which is a complex collection of microorganisms
that live in the digestive tracts. The composition of the gut flora changes over time, when
diet changes, overall health changes. Intestinal flora hosts more amounts of the microbes when
compared to stomach flora as it is less vulnerable to the acidity of the gastric mucosa. Intestinal flora
plays a major role in balancing the immune function as well as metabolic homeostasis, regulating
inflammation, increasing mineral bioavailability, synthesizing neurotransmitters, regulating
appetite and blood sugar and protecting against pathogens. Dysbiosis in the gut leads to various gastrointestinal
disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, peptic ulcer,
metabolic syndromes like obesity, diabetes and various neurological disorders like autism, multiple
sclerosis. Therefore, the complete wellness of our body is dependent on the microbial composition
of the gut. Probiotics and prebiotic foods can add as a key element supplementing the wellness of
our body.