Title:Monoclonal Antibodies, Bispecific Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Oncohematology
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Author(s): Romeo G. Mihăilă*
Affiliation:
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Hematology Department, Emergency County Clinical Hospital Sibiu, Sibiu 550169,Romania
Keywords:
Antibody-drug conjugate, bispecific antibody, leukemia, lymphoma, monoclonal antibody, obinutuzumab, ofatumumab,
rituximab.
Abstract: Background: The therapeutic outcomes and the prognosis of patients with various hematologic
malignancies are not always ideal with the current standard of care.
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the results of the use of monoclonal antibodies, bispecific
antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates for the therapy of malignant hemopathies.
Methods: A mini-review was achieved using the articles published in Web of Science and PubMed
between January 2017 and January 2020 and the new patents were made in this field.
Results: Naked monoclonal antibodies have improved the therapeutic results obtained with standard
of care, but they also have side effects and the use of some of them can lead to the loss of the
target antigen through trogocytosis, which explains the resistance that occurs during therapy. The
results obtained with naked monoclonal antibodies have been improved by a better monoclonal
antibody preparation, the use of bispecific antibodies (against two antigens on the target cell surface
or by binding both surface antigen on target cells and T-cell receptor complex, followed by cytotoxic
T-lymphocytes activation and subsequent cytolysis of the target cell), the use of monoclonal
or bispecific constructs in frontline regimens, combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy, including
through the use of antibody-drug conjugates (which provides a targeted release of a chemotherapeutic
agent).
Conclusion: Immunotherapy and immuno-chemotherapy have improved the outcome of the patients
with malignant hemopathies through a targeted, personalized therapy, with reduced systemic
toxicity, which in some cases can even induce deep complete remissions, including minimal residual
disease negativity.
