Title:ZnO-nanocatalyst Promoted the Production of Imidazole Derivatives via four-component Reaction of Aminoacid: Study of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
Author(s): Maryam Ghazvini*, Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani, Shahin Shafiee, Masoomeh Salimifard and Ali Akbar Eslami
Affiliation:
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P. O Box: 3971189451, Tehran,Iran
Keywords:
Alkyl bromides, aminoacides, multicomponent reactions, imidazole, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), catalyst.
Abstract:
Aim and Objective: In current research, imidazole derivatives are synthesized via a new
process of four component reaction of trichloroacetonitrile, amides, alkyl bromides and amino acids
catalyzed by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) as a simple and recyclable catalyst in water at room
temperature. Among investigated compounds, compounds 5b have good results relative to butylated
hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 2-tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) as standard antioxidant. The achieved
outcomes of disk diffusion experiment showed that these compounds avoided the growth of bacterial.
Materials and Methods: In this research, all chemicals are purchased from Fluka (Buchs,
Switzerland) and employed with any purification. For measuring infrared spectroscopy and melting
point, a Shimadzu IR-460 spectrometer and Electrothermal 9100 apparatus are utilized
respectively. BRUKER DRX-400 AVANCE spectrometer is used for giving the 1H, and 13CNMR
spectra at 400.1 and 100 MHz respectively. For recording mass spectra, A FINNIGAN-MAT
8430 spectrometer with an ionization potential of 70 eV was utilized. The scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) employing a Holland Philips XL30 microscope was used for determination of
ZnO nanocomposites morphology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis at room temperature using a
Holland Philips Xpert X-ray powder diffractometer, with CuKα radiation (λ=0.15406 nm), with 2θ
ranging from 20 to 80° was employed for characterization of crystalline structure of Fe3O4/CuO
nanocomposites. Scherrer’s formula; D= 0.9λ/β cosθ was employed for calculating the average
crystallite size where D is the diameter of the nanoparticles, λ (CuKα) =1.5406 Å and β is the fullwidth
at half-maximum of the diffraction lines. A general way to prepare of compounds 5 The
trichloroacetonitrile 1 (2 mmol) and amides 2 (2 mmol) mixed with ZnO-NPs (10 mol%) in water
(5 mL). after 45 min amino acids 3 (2 mmol) was added to previous mixture at room temperature.
After 30 min α-haloketones 4 (2 mmol) was added to mixture and stirred for 3 h. After 3 h, the
reaction is completed and TLC confirms progress of the reaction. At last, the solid residue was
collected by filtration and cleaned with EtOAC to removing ZnO-NPs and after evaporating
solvent and washing solid with Et2O compounds 5 afforded as pure product.
Results: Without employing catalyst, these reactions have low yield and busy mixture. The
synthesis of compound 5a as sample reaction and displayed the ZnO nanoparticles (10 mol%) is
the best catalyst for sample reaction and H2O is the very better than other solvent in sample
raection. Structures of 5 are confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR mass spectra.
Conclusion: In summary, imdazole derivatives were produced in excellent yield from the reaction
of trichloroacetonitrile, amides, alkyl bromides and amino acids using ZnO-NPs in water at room
temperature. In addition, the power of synthesized imidazole as antioxidant was determined by
radical trapping of DPPH and power of reducing ferric analyzes. The tested imidazoles display
good radical trapping of DPPH but exhibitted moderate FRAP relative to BHT and TBHQ as
synthetic antioxidants.The outcomes of disk diffusion experiment exhibite that synthesized
imidazole avoided the bacterial growth. The superiorities of this procedure are environmental, high
yield of product and low amounts of catalyst and short time of reaction.
