Title:Evaluation of Insulin Resistance Induced Brain Tissue Dysfunction in Obese Dams and their Neonates: Role of Ipriflavone Amelioration
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
Author(s): Rania A. Gad, Eman S. Abdel-Reheim, Gaber M.G. Shehab, Hani S. Hafez*Abdelaziz S.A. Abuelsaad*
Affiliation:
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez,Egypt
- Immunology Divisions; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511,Egypt
Keywords:
Neonates obesity, insulin resistance, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Ipriflavone HMG CoA R,
Acetylcholine esterase, oxidative stress.
Abstract:
Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with activation of liver
fibrogenesis and predisposes to cirrhosis and associated morbi-mortality. A high fat high
cholesterol diet (HFD) was provided to female albino rats to establish a NASH model. It is well
known that the offspring of obese mothers have an increased risk of obesity and diabetes. The
present study aimed at evaluating the ameliorative effects of ipriflavone (IP) as a natural food
supplement on lipid metabolism, improving insulin sensitivity, reducing oxidative stress and
inflammation, modifying metabolic risk factors and/or reduce brain damage, in both neonates and
their dams.
Materials and Methods: The present aim was achieved by evaluating the oxidative stress and
antioxidant defense system biomarkers, as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and
reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. In addition, the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach) and acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activities, as well as levels
of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4); β-secretase, hyper phosphor-tau and β-amyloid 42; 3-hydroxy-
3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG CoA R)” and COX-II by immunoblotting assays
in the brain tissue of neonates and their dams in all the studied groups.
Results: A very significant amelioration in acetylcholine and acetylcholine esterase
neurotransmitters, Alzheimer’s makers (β-amyloid), antioxidants (reduced glutathione (GSH)
contents, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); and inflammatory cytokines in NASH
model is observed upon administrating ipriflavone (IP) as a natural food supplement. The
multifunctional activities of ipriflavone as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin
resistance drug were discussed and correlated with other investigations.
Conclusion: Regarding steatohepatitis, the present study confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects
of the ipriflavone (IP). Therefore, future studies should focus on hepatic fatty acid uptake, hepatic
lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation and the role of IP in regulating hepatic fat metabolism. In
addition, natural products like IP could be combined with the highly used pharmaceutical drugs to
reduce the side effects of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and minimize progression of dementia.
Moreover, the present study supports further attempts to heal the neural dysfunction via antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory cascade activities using ipriflavone (IP).
