Title:Iron (III) Chloride Hexahydrate as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for Acetylation of Protic Nucleophiles with Acetic Anhydride under Solvent-free Conditions
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Author(s): Naoures J. Eddine , Fayçal Jennen, Yakdhane Kacem and Jamil Kraiem*
Affiliation:
- Laboratoire de Développement Chimique, Galenique et Pharmacologique des Medicaments (LR12ES09), Universite de Monastir, Faculte de Pharmacie de Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir,Tunisia
Keywords:
Green chemistry, protic nucleophiles, solventless, catalysis, acetylation, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate.
Abstract:
Background: Acetylation of protic nucleophiles is used to protect these functional groups.
Most of the methods described in the literature use solvents, one or more equivalent of toxic bases or
expensive and toxic catalysts. Therefore, new methodologies, above all, greener and more economical
procedures, are still in demand.
Objective: An eco-efficient method was developed for the acetylation of alcohols, phenols, thiols,
amines, and carbohydrates, using acetic anhydride and a catalytic amount of the environmentally benign
and inexpensive FeCl3.6H2O, under solvent-free conditions.
Methods: Acetylation of a variety of protic nucleophiles was performed using 0.2 mol % of
FeCl3.6H2O as the catalyst, and 1.2 equivalent of Ac2O as the acetylating agent at room temperature
and under solvent-free conditions.
Results: This procedure appears to be highly efficient and promoted rapid and quantitative acetylation
under simple and minimum manipulation. Chromatography or recrystallization was generally not necessary
for the purification of products.
Conclusion: This eco-friendly protocol appears to be potentially universally applicable in organic design
to protect protic nucleophiles and isscalable for industrial fields.
