Title:A Glance on the Role of Bacterial Siderophore from the Perspectives of Medical and Biotechnological Approaches
Volume: 21
Issue: 13
Author(s): Manaf AlMatar*, Osman Albarri*, Essam A. Makky*, Işıl Var and Fatih Köksal
Affiliation:
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan,Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences (Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu) Cukurova University, Adana,Turkey
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan,Malaysia
Keywords:
Siderophores, microbial virulence, secretion mechanism, interaction with metals, immune response, medical application.
Abstract: Iron, which is described as the most basic component found in nature, is hard to be assimilated
by microorganisms. It has become increasingly complicated to obtain iron from nature as iron
(II) in the presence of oxygen oxidized to press (III) oxide and hydroxide, becoming unsolvable at
neutral pH. Microorganisms appeared to produce organic molecules known as siderophores in order to
overcome this condition. Siderophore's essential function is to connect with iron (II) and make it dissolvable
and enable cell absorption. These siderophores, apart from iron particles, have the ability to
chelate various other metal particles that have collocated away to focus the use of siderophores on
wound care items. There is a severe clash between the host and the bacterial pathogens during infection.
By producing siderophores, small ferric iron-binding molecules, microorganisms obtain iron. In
response, host immune cells produce lipocalin 2 to prevent bacterial reuptake of siderophores loaded
with iron. Some bacteria are thought to produce lipocalin 2-resistant siderophores to counter this risk.
The aim of this article is to discuss the recently described roles and applications of bacterial siderophore.