Title:A Review of Voltammetric Methods for Determination of Dopamine Agonists
Volume: 17
Issue: 8
Author(s): Fatma Ağın*
Affiliation:
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon,Turkey
Keywords:
Apomorphine, bromocriptine, cabergoline, determination, dopamine agonists, pramipexole, ropinirole, validation,
voltammetric methods.
Abstract:
Background: Dopamine agonists are useful drugs for the management of patients with
Parkinson's disease in the early and later stages of the disease. Parkinson's disease is a progressive
neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects dopamine-producing nerve cells in the brain. They
bind to dopamine receptors in nerve cells that regulate body movement and motor function. Electroanalytical
methods are used in medicinal, clinical and pharmaceutical research. Voltammetry is one
of the most commonly used electroanalytical methods. This review aims to gather and discuss studies
of voltammetric methods used in determination of dopamine agonists.
Methods: This review includes the use of various voltammetric methods for determination studies of
dopamine agonists from pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. These studies were
examined in terms of used voltammetric method or methods, working electrode, buffer, pH and validation
parameters.
Results: Cabergoline, pramipexole, and ropinirole have more studies, while bromocriptine and apomorphine
have fewer studies in the literature. Differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry
methods were the most applied methods for the determination of dopamine agonist drugs
from pharmaceuticals and biological samples. But, stripping, cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry
methods are less applied methods. In these studies, a lot of modified electrodes were developed and
used to analyse dopamine agonists.
Conclusion: The voltammetric methods provide the determination of therapeutic agents and/or their
metabolites in clinical samples at extremely low concentrations without the necessity for the sample
pre-treatment or time consuming extraction steps. Also, the modified electrodes and validated voltammetric
methods provide good stability, repeatability, reproducibility and high recovery for the
analysis of the analyte.
