Title:Antioxidant Potency of Red Dragon Fruit Flesh and Peel Prepared by Different Methods
Volume: 16
Issue: 7
Author(s): Novi Febrianti, Purwanti P. Purbosari, Triana Hertiani, Sukarti Moeljopawiro and Sofia M. Haryana*
Affiliation:
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,Indonesia
Keywords:
Antioxidant activity, flavonoid, natural health, phenol, preparation method, red dragon fruit.
Abstract:
Background: Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus, (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose) is
widely consumed all over the world nowadays. The peel and flesh of red dragon fruit contain many
bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. The preparation process is critical to maximizing
the yield of the antioxidant content.
Objective: The objectives of this research were to evaluate total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid
content (TFC), as well as the antioxidant activity of peel and flesh of red dragon fruit prepared
by various methods.
Methods: The fresh and dried samples of peel and flesh of red dragon fruit were prepared via maceration
and non-maceration process. Ethanol (96%) was used as the solvent in maceration. In the nonmaceration
process, the samples were ground using a blender and pressed using a juicer. TPC was
analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteau methods, while TFC was determined by spectrophotometry UV-Vis
with AlCl3. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and
β-carotene bleaching (BCB) tests.
Results: TPC from all of the measured samples varied from 22.43 ± 0.27 to 80.54 ± 0.43 mg GAE/g
dry extract. The highest TPC concentration was found in the blended peel via maceration and the
lowest concentration was found in the blended flesh without maceration. The dried peel via maceration
treatment had the highest TFC (51.96 ± 0.084 mg of QE/g dry extract). Regarding to the
antioxidant activity, the blended flesh ethanolic extract and blended peel ethanolic extract had the
highest DPPH radical scavenging, IC50=966.83 ± 11.62 and 973.81 ± 3.571ppm, respectively. While
the blended peel ethanolic extract had the highest BCB antioxidant activity (IC50= 45.48 ± 6,79
mg/mL).
Conclusion: Preparation methods affect the antioxidant activity of red dragon fruit peel and flesh.
The highest TPC and antioxidant activity (BCB test) can be found in the ethanolic extract of the
blended peel. The highest TFC can be found in the ethanolic extract of dried-peel. Both the ethanolic
extracts, blended peel and blended flesh, had the same DPPH radical scavenging activity.