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Review Article

CXCL12-CXCR4信号轴在癌症转移中起关键作用，并且是开发针对转移性癌症的新型疗法的潜在目标

卷 27, 期 33, 2020

页: [5543 - 5561] 页: 19

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867326666191113113110

价格: $65

摘要

转移是癌症患者死亡的主要原因：目前尚无有效的癌症转移治疗方法。这主要是由于我们对癌症转移机制的了解不足。越来越多的研究表明，C-X-C基序趋化因子配体12（CXCL12）在各种组织和器官中均过表达。这是一个关键的生态位因子，可以培育转移前的生态位（致瘤土壤），并将肿瘤细胞（致癌的“种子”）募集到这些生态位，从而促进癌细胞的侵袭和转移能力。但是，C-X-C基序趋化因子受体4（CXCR4）在各种癌症干/祖细胞中异常过表达，并充当CXCL12受体。 CXCL12激活CXCR4以及多个下游多个致瘤信号通路，从而促进了多种癌基因的表达。 CXCL12-CXCR4信号轴的激活促进上皮-间质转化（EMT），并使癌症干/祖细胞动员至转移前的生态位。它还可以培养具有高运动性，侵袭性和扩散表型的癌细胞，从而加剧多发性近端或远端癌转移。这导致患者预后不良。基于这一证据，最近的研究探索了靶向CXCL12或CXCR4的抗癌疗法，并在临床前试验中取得了可喜的结果。通过靶向CXCL12-CXCR4信号轴，进一步探索这一新策略及其对转移癌的有效治疗作用，可能会导致一种新颖的疗法，该疗法可以清除肿瘤微环境（“土壤”）并杀死癌细胞，尤其是杀死癌细胞癌症患者中的癌症干/祖细胞（“种子”）。最终，这种方法具有有效治疗转移性癌症的潜力。

关键词: CXCL12，CXCR4，癌症转移，治疗，癌症治疗，信号轴。

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