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Review Article

卵巢癌的转译诊断:我们处于什么位置?

卷 27, 期 34, 2020

页: [5675 - 5715] 页: 41

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867326666190816232330

价格: $65

摘要

背景：卵巢癌是第二常见的妇科恶性肿瘤，全世界每年约有22万人死于卵巢癌。尽管根治性手术和基于铂和紫杉醇的化疗初始高应答率，大多数患者经历复发，中位无进展生存期仅为18个月。确诊后5年的总生存率约为30%。相比之下，从乳腺癌中走出的患者有80%以上是在10年后才发现疾病的。尽管已经发表了大量的基础研究和应用研究以及临床试验，但仍迫切需要新的治疗方法来改善卵巢癌的预后。卵巢癌新药开发的成功将在很大程度上依赖于完整的基因组疾病特征，以及生物标志物的可用性，这些生物标志物能够识别出可能从一种新疗法中受益的女性。 方法：本文从细胞肿瘤类型、组织类型、亚型以及肿瘤中特定基因突变或表达差异等方面介绍了卵巢癌在健康卵巢中的复杂性。在过去的五十年里，第一和第二线的药理学治疗也被描述。同时还总结了体外和体内试验新药的显著成果。通过检索Pubmed、谷歌学术、MEDLINE和各种政府机构上截至2019年4月的多篇文章，检索最新有关卵巢癌知识、生物标记物检测和化疗的相关文献。 结果：本综述所引用的论文可以深入分析现有技术在几种卵巢癌分类中的地位、基于生物标记和成像技术的诊断知识以及过去50年发展起来的治疗方法。 结论：本综述旨在促进多学科的努力，以确定一组新的、更具体的生物标志物，用于筛选患者进行早期诊断，以确定预后和治疗疗效指征。期望的最终目标是有可用的工具来降低复发率，增加疾病无进展间隔当然还有从诊断到现在仍然很低的5年的总体生存率。

关键词: 卵巢癌，组织类型，FIGO和AJCC分类，诊断，手术和药物治疗，生物标记，表观遗传学，前景

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