A smart city uses technology to provide services and solve problems to improve urban policy efficiency, reduce waste, improve quality of life, and maximize social inclusion. By 2050, 66% of the world's population is expected to be urban, which is a key driver of a global trend toward the creation of smart cities. This trend creates many opportunities for urban planning committees to learn how to design, modernize, and operate smart cities intelligently and effectively. Facets of a Smart City: Computational and Experimental Techniques for Sustainable Urban Development is a collection of topics that are relevant to the design of a smart city. This book aims to complement technical journal articles that require advanced knowledge of the subject of smart cities and applications for readers. It aims to bridge knowledge gaps in sustainable urban design by providing background information via case studies to facilitate students, recent graduates and new practitioners in urban design and planning. Key Features: - This book features 9 chapters that cover 6 major domains, which include (i) information modelling, (ii) internet of things, (iii) intelligent transportation systems, (iv) water supply, (v) waste management and (vi) sustainable environment - Computational techniques are included in the book. These include artificial neural networks, stochastic models, particle swarm optimization, machine learning, and adaptive neuro-fuzzy Inference systems. - Goals of case studies presented in this book use computational techniques to offer readers examples of supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning strategies in the context of smart city applications - References are provided for further reading

The book is an exciting source of information for individuals interested in learning about and marketing sensors. The book focuses on scientific and commercial advances in Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor technology since its discovery over 30 years ago. Discussions on new FBG sensor manufacturing and processing methods are provided by leading experts in the field. Novel applications of FBG sensor technology in engineering, energy, chemical and biological sectors are also included along with a clear identification of commercial opportunities in the next decade.

Frontiers in Electrical Engineering is a book series dedicated to publishing current research in the field of electrical engineering and electronics. The vast amount of publications concerning these fields are summarized in each series volumes with a key focus on device structures and fabrication techniques that are pertinent to the practical production processes and electronic applications. This volume presents an introduction to the subject of Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Display (AMOLED) technology. AMOLEDs are generally integrated into electronic applications and production processes, including understanding basic optical LED (OLED) working principles and the fabrication and characterization of electronic and semiconductor devices. Other applications of AMOLEDs include white OLEDs, light outcoupling, encapsulation, thin film transistor backplanes, driving schemes, and circuit and layout design technologies. This volume will be helpful to novice scientists and engineers working on the development of practical OLED display and OLED lighting technology. Researchers studying organic electronics and advanced undergraduate and graduate students and professionals involved in the OLED industry will also benefit from the information given in this monograph.

This book presents research focused on the design of fractal antennas using bio-inspired computing techniques. The authors present designs for fractal antennas having desirable features like size reduction characteristics, enhanced gain, and improved bandwidths. The research is summarized in six chapters which highlight the important issues related to fractal antenna design and the mentioned computing techniques. Chapters demonstrate several applied concepts and techniques used in the process such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO). The work aims to provide cost-effective and efficient solutions to the demand for compact antennas due to the increasing demand for reduced sizes of components in modern wireless communication devices. A key feature of the book includes an extensive literature survey to understand the concept of fractal antennas, their features, and design approaches. Another key feature is the systematic approach to antenna design. The book explains how the IE3D software is used to simulate various fractal antennas, and how the results can be used to select a design. This is followed by ANN model development and testing for optimization, and an exploration of ANN ensemble models for the design of fractal antennas. The bio-inspired computing techniques based on GA, PSO, and BFO are developed to find the optimal design of the proposed fractal antennas for the desired applications. The performance comparison of the given computing techniques is also explained to demonstrate how to select the best algorithm for a given bio-inspired design. Finally, the book explains how to evaluate antenna designs. This book is a valuable resource for students (from UG to PG levels) and research scholars undertaking learning modules or projects on microstrip and patch antenna design in communications or electronics engineering courses.

Biosensing technology is rapidly flourishing in recent years due to the advancement of bio-MEMS/NEMS. However, the booming development of biosensors has not been very well addressed to the unmet clinical needs. Advances in Biosensing Technology for Medical Diagnosis initiates a headway into the realm of cutting-edge diagnostic tools which are expected to become routine clinical practice. This book aims to broaden the readers’ horizon and guide them in tailoring different biosensing techniques for specific diagnostic procedures. Key Features: - 12 chapters cover several aspects of biosensing technologies including working principles and clinical validations - highlights the state-of-the-art biosensing technology developed in all fields - provides information about specific applications of novel biosensors used in clinical diagnosis, - provides step-by-step guidance of microfabrication for biosensors - focuses on bridging the gap between the scientific and the clinical communities - provides information about the diagnostic applications of biosensors for different diseases (including infectious diseases and neurodegenerative diseases). - covers Information about unconventional nano/microfluidic biosensor systems - features contributions from renowned experts in the field of biomedical engineering Advances in Biosensing Technology for Medical Diagnosis serves as a reference for healthcare providers and biomedical engineers who are interesting in biosensing techniques in medicine. The information provided in this reference will also benefit healthcare policymakers who are interested in new technologies that can impact the delivery of diagnostic services in healthcare systems.

This textbook bridges the gap between introductory and advanced numerical methods for engineering students. The book initially introduces readers to numerical methods before progressing to linear and nonlinear equations. Next, the book covers the topics of interpolation, curve fitting and approximation, integration, differentiation and differential equations. The book concludes with a chapter on advanced mathematical analysis which explains methods for finite difference, method of moments and finite elements. The book introduces readers to key concepts in engineering such as error analysis, algorithms, applied mathematics with the goal of giving an understanding of how to solve engineering problems using computational methods. Each of the featured topics is explained with sufficient detail while retaining the usual introductory nuance. This blend of beginner-friendly and applied information, along with reference listings makes the textbook useful to students of undergraduate and introductory graduate courses in mathematics and engineering.

This Global Emerging Innovation Summit (GEIS 2021) book summarizes the proceedings of the international summit held on April 9th and 10th, 2021. The meeting was organized by Lovely Professional University (LPU) and supported by ENEA - the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development. GEIS-2021 is the most comprehensive conference focused on the diverse facets of the innovations in different technical domains. The goal of this conference is to bring together researchers from academia and industry as well as practitioners in allied fields to share their ideas and solutions related to issues and challenges that rely on the use of technology. The conference highlights the multifaceted nature of innovation in engineering and natural sciences. Attendees are given an opportunity to exchange new ideas to establish research relations to find global partners for future collaboration. Authors from academics, government agencies and industries, contributed several papers which truly make the conference a diverse and unique platform in the region for a productive and interdisciplinary dialogue. This volume features 59 contributions which were selected after review by the editors. Chapters cover emerging developments in a broad range sectors including aviation, transportation, pharmaceutical chemistry, medicine, life sciences, space science, electronics, security, artificial intelligence, communications, energy and much more. This compilation is a handy resource for readers who are seeking updates in the latest trends and innovative developments in technology and engineering.

Graphene-Based Nanomaterial Catalysis compiles knowledge about catalytic graphene-based nanomaterials in a single easy-to-read volume. The text serves to familiarize scholars and professionals with the methods of fabrication of both functionalized and non-functionalized graphene nanomaterials suitable for use in a variety of applications such as electrochemical sensors, oxygen and hydrogen production, fuel cells and organic transformations. Key Features - systematic chapters which present the topic in an accessible way that is targeted towards learners - Accessible information about the fabrication of graphene-based catalysts - updated knowledge about catalytic applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in electro- and organic catalysis. - delivers information about recent trends in industry and research. - covers sophisticated green technologies such as carbon dioxide conversion and solar powered water splitting - references for further reading Interested students in material science at undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate levels in the disciplines of chemical engineering and materials science will highly benefit from the information in this reference. The reference also gives researchers in both industry and academia an opportunity to update their knowledge of graphene-based nanomaterials useful for catalysis.

This E-book covers various topics and technologies involving energy systems that represent an effort to reduce environmental pollution and provide grounds for alternative or renewable energy sources. The E-book is a convergence point for state-of-the-art research with preliminary but confirmed results. Topics covered in this e-book include transport, electricity generation, bio-fuels, Homogenous Charge Combustion Ignition research, kinetics, thermodynamics, combustion, (photovoltaic) solar energy, biomass, hydrogen combustion, hydrogen stocking, wind power, wind energy, hydro-electric power plants and fuel cells. The interdisciplinary content combines energy source engineering, fuel technology and environmental chemistry. This E-book serves as a basic source of information on alternative energy for scientists, academics and industrialis ts, by promoting and disseminating knowledge about green energy concerns.

Hydraulic Power Plants is a textbook for engineering students which explains the construction of hydraulic power plants. The book presents the theory of the working process for each part, i.e. the kinematics and molecular dynamics of liquids flowing through hydraulic machines and systems. The information is presented in a simple manner necessary for understanding their operational conditions and basic numerical relationships. The chapters explain concepts with several drawings and charts to aid the reader, along with relevant specifications, working examples and solved problems, which can be applied in designing practice and maintenance of hydroelectric power plants, pumping stations and pump installations. Hydraulic Power Plants emphasizes the need of young engineers to acquire knowledge about efficiency in using the tools for the study and design for components of hydraulic power plants such as turbines, pumps and penstocks in a straightforward format, making it an ideal reference for introductory hydraulics and mechanical engineering courses.