Multi-modality imaging achieves the integration of structural and functional
or metabolical information in a single examination. Apart from patient convenience and
improved workflow, this “one-stop shop” approach is featured by enhanced diagnostic
accuracy compared to either modality alone or side-by-side image interpretation. These
advantages also apply on cardiovascular and molecular-targeted imaging where hybrid
systems facilitate the detection of molecular signals and their accurate localization by
fusion with anatomical structures. The role of SPECT/CT, PET/CT and PET/MR in
studying patients with heart failure is reviewed in this chapter. Before mentioning the
potential clinical utility, various issues concerning the principles of hybrid imaging,
commercially available devices, image interpretation, possible technical errors and
diagnostic pitfalls are addressed. Due to its wider availability, lower cost and the
author’s experience, the value of cardiac hybrid SPECT/CT is emphasized.
Keywords: Attenuation correction, Computed tomography, Coronary artery
disease, Heart failure, Hybrid imaging, Magnetic resonance, Multi-modality
imaging, Myocardial viability, Positron emission tomography, Single photon
emission computed tomography.
