In this chapter, the author combines the established views of the
microstructure of the femoral nerve as an example of a combined peripheral nerve or
bundle of nerves with newer concepts that have emerged only recently. The position
and importance of the circumneural (paraneural) sheath and subcircumneural
(subparaneural) space are discussed, as well as the other membranes and compartments
around a peripheral nerve, namely, the endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium, and
epimysium. The subepimyseal space is discussed in the context of peripheral nerve
block.
Keywords: Acute pain medicine, Axon, Circumneural sheath, Combined
peripheral nerve, Continuous peripheral nerve block, Endoneurium, Epimysium,
Fascia, Fascicles, Femoral nerve, Gliding apparatus, Microanatomy, Nerve axon,
Paraneural sheath, Perineurium Epineurium, Peripheral nerve block, Regional
anesthesia, Subcircumneural space, Subepimyseal space, Subparaneural space,
Ultrastructure.
