Inhabitants of Western countries are at an increased risk of energy
imbalance, where processed and fast foods are the dominant food supply and the ability
to make healthier food choices is clouded by persuasive marketing campaigns and a
fast-paced convenience culture. Healthcare professionals and policy makers must take
into account the vast behavioral, sociocultural, environmental, and genetic factors that
influence dietary behavior and body weight. Food components to reduce include
sodium, added sugars, and saturated as well as trans fats. Foods to increase include
whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Achieving these dietary recommendations requires
effecting change at the individual, community, and global level.
Keywords: Behavior, carbohydrates, diet, dietary recommendations, fat, food
choices, global health, health status, nutrition, obesity, overweight, protein,
resting metabolic rate, risk, sodium, sugars, weight management, wellness, whole
grains.