Thyroid nodules can be identified in approximately 5% of the population.
The American Thyroid Association guidelines indicate fine needle aspiration as the
most accurate method for the evaluation of a thyroid nodule; however in up to 20% of
cases, cytology produces indeterminate or suspicious results that require surgery to
complete the diagnosis. This chapter reviews molecular markers, which can be detected
using protein-based assays, to improve the sensitivity of FNA.
Keywords: Galectin-3, HBME-1, CK-19, CD44v6, HMGI(Y), TPO.
