Malignant gliomas are characterized by an extensive vasculature. The most potent pro-angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is therefore a therapeutic target for anti-angiogenic therapy. This chapter focuses on different functional characteristics of VEGF and its receptors in the angiogenesis process. Furthermore, the effects of decreasing or blocking VEGF using the humanized monoclonal antibody to VEGF, bevacizumab (Avastin), are discussed. The possible mechanisms of activity of this agent, as well as potential problems with this drug are also discussed.
