Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent irreversible
neurodegenerative disorders, contributing to approximately 50-80% of all reported
cases worldwide. The majority of current treatment strategies for AD only provide
symptomatic treatment. The inability of existing medications to penetrate the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) is a major challenge in treating AD. The application of
nanotechnology in drug delivery systems is categorized by potential medicines
designed to penetrate the BBB and improve drug targeting for neurodegenerative
disorders (NDDs) treatment. Nanotechnology offers a wide range of nanoparticle-based
drug delivery systems with minimal systemic side effects. Nano-based gene delivery
vehicles and nanocarriers such as neurotrophic factors effectively improve neuronal
survival and synaptic connectivity. Thus, currently, they are being utilized as a popular
therapeutic against various neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, nanotechnology has
patented various novel nanostructures and developed several advanced formulations for
the management and prevention of NDDs. Therefore, to combat neurodegenerative
disorders, nanotechnology can be applied to neuroscience. Primary research on
employing nanoparticles (NPs) to manage Alzheimer's disease has shown promising
results, but additional studies are still required. In this chapter, we discuss the
pathogenesis and causes of AD and also outline the role of NPs in the brain's
microenvironment for treating Alzheimer's disease. Overall, this chapter focuses on
newly investigated NP systems that provide unique ways of understanding AD
pathophysiology and suggesting therapy to cure AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer's diseases, Nanomedicine, Nanotherapeutics, Neurodegenerative disorders.
