Adjacent segment degeneration and disease (ASD) following spinal fusion
surgery can pose challenges, and various surgical approaches have been developed to
address this condition. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the current
literature, including clinical studies, comparing the outcomes of endoscopic and open
surgical techniques in patients affected by ASD. The authors' analysis reveals that
endoscopic surgery demonstrates comparable effectiveness in pain relief, functional
improvement, and patient satisfaction while offering potential advantages such as
reduced tissue trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times. This chapter
also discusses each surgical approach's technical aspects, potential complications, and
limitations in comparison to endoscopic decompression surgery for ASD. The evidence
suggests that endoscopic surgery is a viable alternative to conventional open surgery
for treating adjacent spondylosis. However, further research and long-term follow-up
studies are necessary to better establish its long-term efficacy and durability.
Keywords: Adjacent segment degeneration, Endoscopic decompression, Surgical technique.
