DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes identical copies of its
genetic material. This process is essential for transmitting genetic information from one
generation of cells to the next during cell division. DNA replication is a complex
process involving unwinding the double helix, separating the two strands, and
synthesizing new complementary strands. The process is catalyzed by a large complex
of proteins called the replisome, which includes DNA polymerases, helicases, and
other enzymes. The accuracy of DNA replication is critical to the maintenance of
genetic information, and errors in replication can lead to mutations and genetic
diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication is fundamental
to many fields of biology, including genetics, biotechnology, and medicine.
Keywords: Biotechnology, Cell division, Complementary strands, DNA polymerase, Genetic information, Helicase, Mutations, Molecular mechanisms, Replisome.
