Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols using Sink Mobility in IoT-enabled Wireless Sensor Networks

The effect of sink mobility on the improved dual-hop routing protocol (IDHR) and multiple data sink-based energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocol (MEEC) is taken into consideration. Sink mobility can be introduced into the network to prevent the creation of hotspots. The data sinks receive data from cluster heads which further collect data from the member nodes of the respective clusters. The cluster head (CH) performs data aggregation and sends the orchestrated data to the sink. The CH selection in IDHR and MEEC is done by taking into account the node density parameter along with other parameters, such as energy and distance between the node and the sink. In MEEC, multiple data sinks are used to resolve the burden on the relaying nodes involved in data transmission as well as to curb the hotspot problem. The movement of sinks is controlled and managed through the proposed approach, i.e., Sink Mobility based on CH Energy (SMCHE). The node density factor proves to be good for the energy preservation of nodes as it takes into account the average communication distance between the nodes and respective CH. The simulation results show that the network lifetime of the proposed approach is increased by 268%, 191%, 27%, and 17% when compared to MEEC, IDHR, DRESEP and TSEP, respectively.

Keywords: Routing protocols, Cluster heads, Energy efficiency, Network lifetime, Mobile sinks.