Livestock is regarded as a critical point of access for enhanced food and
nutrition. With the population explosion, an increase in the successful fulfillment of
livestock production, including meat and dairy products, is necessary in the most
ethical way. Fundamentally keeping the overall nutrition intact along with the health of
both human and livestock animals is vital. Although there is an increment in
production, it contributes to rising greenhouse gas (methane) emissions, thus damaging
the environment. Inheriting novel technologies will not only help in the surplus
upliftment of livestock products but also the emission of greenhouse gases. Omics and
Systems Biology are such approaches. Omics is a combination of different aspects
dealing with complete molecular levels ranging from DNA to protein, protein to
metabolites, whereas Systems Biology is the analysis of both mathematical and
computational along with biological system modeling. Omics gives a broad overview
of both pathways and traits controlling various characters. Thus, showing detailed links
between genotype-phenotype. It can yield an enormous amount of data with incredible
speed. In addition, Systems Biology lines up to give an overview of the complete
biological system rather than just examining a single biological molecule. It combines
mathematical modelling, statistics, and bioinformatics for a better grip and
understanding of the enormous data sets. In this chapter, we discuss the latest cutting-edge technologies in the field of livestock and how omics can be implemented in
creating disease resistant livestock animals without hampering the quality of the
products. The chapter also discusses the various applications and future scopes
involving computational approaches towards animal science.
Keywords: Dairy, Deep learning, Livestock, Meat, Metabolomics, Omics, Systems biology, Vaccines.
