Worldwide, aquaculture organisms are often infected by viruses, bacteria,
fungi, and parasites. These organisms are responsible for the high mortality, leading to
major financial loss in this industry. Controlling microbial diseases in aquaculture is
not that easy; it is much more difficult than prevention because it is a complex
environment. Farmers are using different strategies to overcome this issue; however,
recognizing new dietary supplements for preventing the disease is always helpful to
aquaculture farmers. More recently, the bioreduction of nanoparticles using seaweed
extract and its sulfated polysaccharides are fascinated because of the presence of
various bioactive properties. Also, it is well-accepted that the green chemistry approach
is a superior alternative to the synthesis of non-toxic nanoparticles. This chapter covers
the major microbial disease in aquaculture and its management, the application of
nanoparticles in aquaculture, the importance of seaweed and its sulfated
polysaccharide-mediated silver nanoparticles and its role in Vibriosis and WSSV
disease control in aquaculture. This chapter provides a superior understanding to the
researchers for formulating novel health supplements using seaweed and its sulfated
polysaccharides mediated nanoparticles to overcome bacterial and viral disease in
aquaculture.
Keywords: Seaweed, Silver nanoparticles, Sulfated Polysaccharide, Vibriosis, WSSV.
