Application of Carbonaceous Quantum Dots in Biomedical

Numerous research fields, including chemistry, electronics, and medical sciences, have concentrated on the production and use of novel functional nanomaterials. Carbon, a component of all organic life forms, is essential for the creation of nanomaterials. The modern carbon-based family component known as carbonaceous quantum dots (CQD) was unintentionally discovered in 2004 while single-walled carbon nanotubes were being purified. Additionally, CQDs have exceptional qualities like outstanding photoluminescence and minimal toxic effects. Outstanding in vitro andin vivo biomedical implications of CQDs include drug/gene delivery, biosensor biotherapy, and theragnostic evolution. Also, CQDs can pass through specific body sites of endothelial inflammation (epithelium of the intestinal tract, liver, for example), tumors or penetrate capillaries due to their small size. For the same reason, nanoparticles are more suitable for intravenous administration than microparticles and also prevent particle aggregation and bypass emboli or thrombi formation. This chapter describes the most contemporary applications of CQDs in diverse biomedical fields. We hope it will provide incalculable insights to inspire discoveries on CQD and delineate a road map toward a broader range of bio applications.

Keywords: Biomedical application, Biosensor, Biotherapy, CQDs, Contrast agent, Drug/gene delivery, Theragnostic.