Acellular Strategy of Functional Biomaterials for Tissue Wound Healing

The skin is known as the largest organ in the human body as it functions to regulate the temperature in the human body and acts as the first-line defence. The skin consists of two layers: the epidermis (the outer layer of skin) and dermis layers (the inner layer of the skin) occupied by specific skin cells. Whenever the skin barrier is compromised, the skin heals following four phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Wound healing takes a few weeks for acute wounds, however it takes a longer period to heal chronic wounds. Chronic wound complication extends the inflammation phases during the wound healing process and becomes a significant problem in the healthcare field. Therefore, various treatments were produced to reduce the healing time in chronic wounds and produce less scarring. Acellular treatments have gained attention in wound healing research as these treatments have a lower risk of rejection and are easily obtained through nature or lab. Acellular treatments include growth factors, bioactive molecules, and peptides that are clinically proven to have faster healing time and reduce scarring as these treatments are readily available in the market. Biomaterials have become a novel study in wound healing research due to their vast potential as alternative treatments for skin wound healing. Therefore, the chapter discussed the acellular strategies for tissue wound healing. 

Keywords: Functional biomaterials, Skin, Tissue engineering, Wound healing, Wound treatment.