Increased exposure or elevated levels of aluminium(Al) in humans cause
various detrimental pathological processes especially affecting the central nervous
system. Al-induced neurotoxicity predominantly leads to impaired motor coordination,
cognition and learning and memory deficits. Significant association of chronic Al
exposure with several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD),
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis
(MS) is evident where it instigates aberrant expression of various proteins via
alterations in post-translational modifications (PTMs). In depth understanding of
mechanism of action of Al, effect of altered PTMs and their detection methods is
essential to revert anomalies induced by Al in these neurological disorders. The present
chapter will attempt to summarize the role of Al in modulation of significant PTMs
including phosphorylation, methylation, oxidation, ubiquitination and provide insights
into its involvement in various neurological disorders.
