Multiple drugs with various mechanisms of action are used simultaneously
during the perioperative period. Opioids, inhalations, intravenous induction agents,
neuromuscular blocking agents and sedative agents are the common drugs used. Even
if the same dose of drug is administered, diverse individual responses usually occur.
These various individual responses might relate to the patient’s pharmacogenomic
variations. Thus, the genotype-phenotype relationship should be carefully considered in
adults. Furthermore, developmental pharmacogenomics also plays important role in
pediatric patients who have dynamic growth and development process from infants to
adolescents. This review shows the pharmacogenetic aspects of these common
anesthetic medications and future trends for perioperative pharmacogenomic testing.
Keywords: Codeine, Desflurane, Diazepam, Fentanyl, Halothane, Isoflurane,
Ketamine, Malignant hyperthermia, Methadone, Midazolam, Morphine,
Oxycodone, Peri-operative Medicine, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics,
Propofol, Rocuronium, Sevoflurane, Succinylcholine, Tramadol.
