Each year, influenza causes a significant acute respiratory disease burden.
Also, influenza pandemics periodically occur. Annual vaccination is the best tool for
influenza prevention, but its effectiveness can vary from year to year. Antiviral
treatment shortens the clinical course if administered within the first hours of the onset
of the disease. Neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir) and
polymerase inhibitors (baloxavir) are currently used as antivirals. Limited specificity of
conventional vaccines and drug resistance of circulating viruses reduce the
effectiveness of prophylaxis and treatment, requiring the development of new broadspectrum
drugs.
Keywords: Cross-protectivity, Direct-acting antivirals, Drug resistance,
Inactivated influenza vaccines, Indirectly acting antivirals, Live attenuated
influenza vaccines, Next-generation vaccines, Synthetic vaccines.
