The immune response is a dynamic reaction of a body, allowing to fight
against tumor cells. However, an unbalanced host immune response is highlighted in
tumor disease. Abnormal responses lead to autoimmune diseases, whereas low
responses favor opportunistic infections and host with tumor cells. The conflicting
situations make it difficult to arrange an appropriate immunoassay for immunotherapy.
Before human genomics decode in 2004, testing the immune response with this profile
of patients remains a challenge. This is due to individual variability so that it impedes
immunoassay for personalized immunotherapy. After the fifteen years’ effort,
immunoassays are committed to personalized immunotherapy of tumor diseases for
precise prediction/prevention, immune targeting therapy, and personalized
immunotherapy. Now, identifying new targets at the protein level, SNP at the DNA
level, and mRNA expression at the RNA level may guide a new generation of
immunoassay. The techniques to test the immune responses to tumor diseases are
currently being studied, but they still have many influence factors such as technical
standardization and technique selection, and interpretation, and therefore, the chapter
gives a comprehensive insight into the immunoassay for personalized immunotherapy.
Keywords: Cytotoxic T-cell assay (CTL), ELISA (Enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay), Immunoassay, Single Nucleic Polymorphism (SNP),
Targets.
