The cardiovascular disease affects the heart, blood vessels and blood
circulation cause death in adult patients. The cardiovascular diseases include ischemic
heart disease, congestive heart failure, hypertension, angina pectoris, stroke, peripheral
vascular disease can develop due to a low level of blood flow to the heart can increase
the risk of cardiovascular complications. Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune
inflammatory disease which can develop with infectious species like bacteria, fungi,
virus creates inflammatory conditions and results in the origin of inflammatory
mechanisms in the body. It occurs, when the immune system responds abnormally to
the inflammation with slow deposition of the calcium crystals in the heart valves
increase the risk of developing rheumatic heart disease. Currently, the high prevalence
of rheumatic heart disease occurred from low and middle-income countries. Ineffective
control of rheumatic fever damages several vital organs such as the heart, brain,
kidney, and lungs. The blood test, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, echocardiogram,
cardiac MRI scan, treadmill test, coronary angiogram test can determine the
cardiovascular risk. The clinical management of rheumatic heart disease with
prescribing antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids are used to reduce
the inflammation and also minimizes the progression of cardiovascular damage.
Keywords: Angina Pectoris, Heart failure, Hypertension, Inflammation,
Peripheral Vascular Disease, Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatic Heart Disease.
