Angina pectoris is a symptomatic clinical manifestation of myocardial
ischemia which is caused by emotional stress. The patients having the age of 65 years
and females age 70 years for women are at higher risk of developing angina pectoris.
Currently, 4.1 million people are affected by coronary artery disease. The annual death
rates of stable angina patients were 1.2% to 2.4. The major risk factors for angina
pectoris include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stress, physical
inactivity, smoking; and alcohol contributes to the development of angina pectoris. The
clinical manifestations of angina pectoris include chest tightness, chest pain, chest
discomfort, burning chest, fatigue, shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, nausea,
vomiting, aching, chest fullness, and more weight on chest. Chest x-ray,
electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, holter monitoring, coronary angiogram, and stress
test is used to detect the severity of disease complications. The proper understanding of
pathophysiological approaches is essential for better management of angina pectoris.
The continuous prescribing practice of statins, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers,
heparin, anti-platelets, nitrates, ACE inhibitors, thrombolytic medications could
improve the heart rate and improve the blood flow in the vascular stream and also
lower the cardiovascular complications in primary care settings.
Keywords: Angina Pectoris, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Myocardial
Ischemia.
