Myocardial infarction occurred due to severe myocardial ischemia that leads
to myocardial necrosis and cardiac remodeling results in the progression of heart
failure. The clinical manifestations of the myocardial infarction include sweating,
shortness of breath, abnormal heart beating, vomiting, weakness, nausea, fatigue, stress
contribute to the development of myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular diseases are the
cause of mortality and morbidity from worldwide countries. Cardiovascular disease
incidence is expected to increase by 25 million by the year 2020. The progression of
myocardial infarction is associated with various risk factors which include smoking,
alcohol, high lipid levels; hypertension can likely increase the risk of myocardial
infarction. Every year worldwide more than 3 million people are affected with
myocardial infarction. The increasing incidence of myocardial infarction was high in
males as compared with females. Previous research studies stated that patients with
more than 45 years of age can develop the disease. Atherosclerosis is one of the major
risk factors for the development of myocardial infarction. It is a chronic inflammatory
condition of the endothelial cells, in which the T lymphocytes, monocytes,
macrophages cells can thicken the endothelial cell layers which leads to the progression
of atherosclerotic events. Chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, holter
monitoring, coronary angiogram, and stress test is used to detect the severity of disease
complications. The pharmacological management of myocardial infarction includes
anticoagulants, thrombolytics and percutaneous coronary intervention that can lower
the progression of disease complications.
Keywords: Coronary Angiogram, Echocardiogram, Hypertension, Myocardial
Infarction, Thrombolytics.
