Meningitis is the inflammation of the membrane of meninges that is caused
by a different microorganism. Bacterial meningitis is a lethal disease with the mortality
rate in older adults is <20%. The bacteria start to replicate in the cerebrospinal fluid
CSF and meninges and then infection takes place. It causes fever, headache, nausea,
photophobia, vomiting, nuchal rigidity with complications of arthritis and
hydrocephalus. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main cause of bacterial meningitis in
older children. Different laboratory diagnosis like antigen screening, gram staining is
used to test bacterial meningitis and antibiotics like chloramphenicol, gentamicin,
tobramycin, second and third-generation cephalosporin, metronidazole, and rifampin
are used against different bacterial microorganisms. Vaccines are available for 23
serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Bacterial meningitis, Inflammation of CSF,
Streptococcus pneumoniae.
