Diabetes mellitus affects up to 50% of renal transplant recipients. The
incidence of hyperglycemia is high in the early transplant period due to surgery and the
exposure to immunosuppressant medications. Patients who develop post-transplant
diabetes mellitus (PTDM) are at increased risk of cardiovascular events, infections,
graft loss, and mortality. Pre- and post-transplant screening is essential for early
detection and management of individuals at high risk for PTDM. This chapter aims to
review the latest evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, guidance on screening,
management of the disease and its complications. New international consensus
guidelines on diagnosis, current research, as well as quality improvement options will
be discussed.
Keywords: Calcineurin inhibitors, Immunosuppressive agents, Incidence,
Management of post-transplant diabetes mellitus, Modifiable and non-modifiable
risk factors, Pathophysiology of post-transplant diabetes mellitus, Post-transplant
diabetes mellitus, Post-transplant screening, Pre-transplant screening, Prevalence,
Renal transplant.