This chapter presents a synthesis of data regarding the iatrogenic injuries of
the peritoneum and retroperitoneum. Similar to the previous chapters, medical druginduced
lesions and the consequences of diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions are
presented in detail. Iatrogenic retroperitoneal fibrosis can emerge following
radiotherapy or as a consequence of long-term use of drugs such as beta blockers or
antiepileptic substances. Pneumoperitoneum is usually a postoperative transient lesion,
but it can also be a severe consequence of barotrauma or mechanical ventilation. The
causes and consequences of iatrogenic peritonitis and ascites are also analyzed.
Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, Ascites, Barotrauma, Beta blockers, Hematoma,
Hemoperitoneum, Hydralazine, Iatrogenic, Peritoneum, Peritonitis,
Pneumoperitoneum, Retroperitoneal emphysema, Retroperitoneal fibrosis,
Retroperitoneum.
