This chapter includes a synthesis of data regarding iatrogenic injuries of the
gastrointestinal tract. In the first section, medical drug-induced lesions are analyzed,
while the following sections refer to the diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions that
involve the gastrointestinal segments. ADRs come in a wide spectrum of
manifestations, from mucosal inflammation to severe lesions, such as Stevens-Johnson
syndrome. The most common agents involved in severe reactions are non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are responsible for
the occurrence of cystic polyposis of the stomach. Intestinal iatrogenic disorders
primarily involve enterocolitis, but strange complications, such as bezoar formation or
intestinal rupture, are also reported. Complications relating to endoscopic
examinations, laparotomy and laparoscopy are also presented in detail.
Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, Aspiration, Bezoar, Cystic polyposis,
Endoscopy, Enterocolitis, Gingival hyperplasia, Hemorrhage, Laparoscopy,
Laparotomy, Malabsorption, Polyp, Proton pump inhibitors, Stevens-Johnson
syndrome, Teeth discoloration.
