Data obtained from Human Genome Project has helped in transition of
human diseases from a segmented view to a conceptual continuum. In accordance with
this approach, identification of new gene targets has reinvigorated the field of natural
product research and predominantly scientists are working to obtain these drugs
through the use of high-throughput screening technologies and combinatorial
chemistry. It is noteworthy that natural product templates combined with chemistry to
selectively produce analogues will have higher chances of success. In this chapter we
have attempted to summarize most recent advancements in clinical trials of natural
products in different cancers. Keeping in view that structural variants contribute to the
genomic landscape, multi-region whole-genome sequencing of hundreds of tumors will
be helpful for a better understanding intra and inter-population genetic variability.
Moreover, rapidly evolving field of nutrigenomics will play its part by tailoring the
food or nutrition to the individual genotype. As we have developed deeper knowledge
related to how wide ranging natural products modify cellular mechanisms, we may find
that the continuum from pharmaceuticals to nutraceuticals through food-based
biologically active phytochemicals will bring the disciplines of nutrigenomics and
pharmacogenomics closer together.
Keywords: Apoptosis, Cancer, Metastasis, Phytochemicals, Signaling.
