摘要
最新进展在self-shielded回旋加速器、改进目标,videomonitored热电池的设计,和自动宠物放射性药物(RPs)合成模块,利用计算机控制的图形用户界面(GUI)已经改变宠物的基本的生物医学研究和开展分子成像技术来完成以证据为基础的个性化医疗的终极目标。尤其是[18 f]HX4:(3 -[18 f]fluoro-2 -(4 -((2-nitro-1Himidazol-1-yl)甲基)的h - 1,2,3,-triazol-1 - yl)-propan-1-ol),18 f-faza:1 -(5 -[18 f]Fluoro-5-deoxy-α-D-arabinofuranosyl)2 - nitroimidazole,和18 f-fmsio:18 f-ffluoromisonidazole评估肿瘤缺氧,[18 f]FB-VAD-FMK:[18 f]4-fluorobenzylcarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(当地)-fluoromethylketone确定体内细胞凋亡,64 cu-ptsm:64 cu-pyrualdehyde Bis-NMethylthiosemicarbazone脑和心肌灌注成像,和68年ga-dotatoc:68 ga - DOTAD-Phy1-Tyr3-octreotide和68 ga-dotanoc:68 ga -(1、4、7、10-tetraazacyclododecane - N,N,N,N”-tetraacetic酸)1-nai3-octreotide神经内分泌和神经嵴个性化开展肿瘤显示了巨大的希望。此外,多峰性成像与124年ipet / CT和18正/ CT迈入新世纪131 i治疗甲状腺癌患者的预防成本和病态的毒性。除了18 f-labeled PET-RPs用于临床实践,新发现的化学反应包括过渡metal-mediated碳碳的交叉耦合,carbonheterocarbon,和点击化学在环境温度显著降低合成,标记即使短暂的放射性核素,如11 c、最新的PET-RPs促进了发展。这些创新方法合成PET-RPs和高效的图像采集功能改进的多峰性成像的分辨率和显著降低患者以及医护人员的辐射暴露。未来发展最新的PET-RPs,利用自动化微流控合成模块和多功能纳米粒子,将改善生物标志物的发现,内部剂量测定法,药物动力学,免疫疗法,干细胞在再生医学跟踪。本文提供了最近的事态发展在临床意义上的回旋加速器的合成和基于发电机的PET-RPs与潜在的应用在心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病和癌症来完成的最终目标以证据为基础的个性化的开展。
关键词: 点击化学、免疫治疗、多峰性融合成像
Current Drug Targets
Title:PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Personalized Medicine
Volume: 17 Issue: 16
Author(s): Sushil Sharma
Affiliation:
关键词: 点击化学、免疫治疗、多峰性融合成像
摘要: Recent advances in the self-shielded cyclotrons, improved targets, videomonitored hot cells design, and automated PET radiopharmaceutical (RPs) synthesis modules, utilizing computer-controlled graphic user interphase (GUI) has revolutionized PET molecular imaging technology for basic biomedical research and theranostics to accomplish the ultimate goal of evidence-based personalized medicine. Particularly, [18F]HX4: (3-[18F]fluoro-2-(4-((2-nitro-1Himidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3,-triazol-1- yl)-propan-1-ol), 18F-FAZA: 1-(5-[18F]Fluoro-5-deoxy-α-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2- nitroimidazole, and 18F-FMSIO: 18F-Ffluoromisonidazole to assess tumor hypoxia, [18F]FB-VAD-FMK: [18F]4-fluorobenzylcarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone to determine in vivo apoptosis, 64Cu-PTSM: 64Cu-Pyrualdehyde Bis-NMethylthiosemicarbazone for brain and myocardial perfusion imaging, and 68Ga-DOTATOC: 68Ga- DOTAD-Phy1-Tyr3-octreotide and 68Ga-DOTANOC: 68Ga-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- N,N’,N’’,N’’’-tetraacetic acid)-1-NaI3-octreotide for neuroendocrine and neural crest tumors have demonstrated great promise in personalized theranostics. Furthermore, multimodality imaging with 124IPET/ CT and 18FDG-PET/CT rationalizes 131I treatment in thyroid cancer patients to prevent cost and morbid toxicity. In addition to 18F-labeled PET-RPs used in clinical practice, novel discoveries of chemical reactions including transition metal-mediated cross-coupling of carbon-carbon, carbonheterocarbon, and click chemistry at ambient temperature with significantly reduced synthesis times, labeled even with short-lived radionuclides such as 11C, has facilitated development of novel PET-RPs. These innovative approaches to synthesize PET-RPs and efficient image acquisition capabilities have improved the resolution of multimodality imaging and significantly reduced the radiation exposure to patients as well as healthcare professionals. Future developments in novel PET-RPs, utilizing automated microfluidic synthesis modules and multifunctional nanoparticles, will improve biomarker discovery, internal dosimetry, pharmacokinetics, immunotherapy, and stem cell tracking in regenerative medicine. This review provides recent developments in the synthesis of clinically-significant cyclotron and generator- based PET-RPs with potential applications in cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer to accomplish the ultimate goal of evidence-based personalized theranostics.
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Sushil Sharma , PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Personalized Medicine, Current Drug Targets 2016; 17 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160720091233
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160720091233 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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