Abstract
Microwave radiation, an electromagnetic radiation, is widely used as a source of heating in organic synthesis. Since the discovery of the microwave heating approach, microwave-assisted reaction has emerged as a new green-method in organic synthesis as it provides fast, higher yields, and higher product purities, and it reduces pollution of the environment. The purine ring system possesses undisputed biological importance and it is considered to be one of the most important heterocyclic rings in nature. Therefore, organic chemists have been engaged in extensive efforts to produce these compounds following various greener techniques, primarily to circumvent growing environmental concerns. This topic has received increasing interest owing to the wide variety of purine analogs as biologically significant drugs, and products for industrial application. In this review, we discuss only the microwave-assisted synthesis of purine and guanine analogs, and includes the syntheses of (i) imidazopyrimidines, (ii) pyrazolopyrimidines, (iii) imidazopyridines, and pyrazolopyridines (iv) via microwave.
Keywords: Azines, benzimidazole, green processes, guanine, heterocycles, imidazopyridine, imidazopyrimidine, microwaveassisted, microwave irradiation, purines, pyrazole, pyrazolopyridine, pyrazolopyrimidine, pyridine, pyrimidine, synthesis.
Current Microwave Chemistry
Title:Microwave Synthesis of Guanine and Purine Analogs
Volume: 1 Issue: 2
Author(s): Galal Elgemeie and Mai Hamed
Affiliation:
Keywords: Azines, benzimidazole, green processes, guanine, heterocycles, imidazopyridine, imidazopyrimidine, microwaveassisted, microwave irradiation, purines, pyrazole, pyrazolopyridine, pyrazolopyrimidine, pyridine, pyrimidine, synthesis.
Abstract: Microwave radiation, an electromagnetic radiation, is widely used as a source of heating in organic synthesis. Since the discovery of the microwave heating approach, microwave-assisted reaction has emerged as a new green-method in organic synthesis as it provides fast, higher yields, and higher product purities, and it reduces pollution of the environment. The purine ring system possesses undisputed biological importance and it is considered to be one of the most important heterocyclic rings in nature. Therefore, organic chemists have been engaged in extensive efforts to produce these compounds following various greener techniques, primarily to circumvent growing environmental concerns. This topic has received increasing interest owing to the wide variety of purine analogs as biologically significant drugs, and products for industrial application. In this review, we discuss only the microwave-assisted synthesis of purine and guanine analogs, and includes the syntheses of (i) imidazopyrimidines, (ii) pyrazolopyrimidines, (iii) imidazopyridines, and pyrazolopyridines (iv) via microwave.
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Cite this article as:
Elgemeie Galal and Hamed Mai, Microwave Synthesis of Guanine and Purine Analogs, Current Microwave Chemistry 2014; 1 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213335601666140417232548
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213335601666140417232548 |
Print ISSN 2213-3356 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2213-3364 |
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