Title:The Effects of Psychotropic Drugs on the Regulation of Glucose Metabolism
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Author(s): Ramona Al-Zoairy, Claudia Ress, Alexander Tschoner, Susanne Kaser and Christoph Ebenbichler
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Antidepressants, antipsychotics, diabetes, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, psychotropic drugs, weight gain.
Abstract: Psychotropic drugs, like antipsychotics and antidepressants, are often associated with metabolic side effects
such as weight gain and an increased risk of the development of diabetes and an atherogenic lipid profile. These adverse
effects not only bear a high cardiovascular risk and lead to higher morbidity and mortality, but are an additional burden to
mentally ill patients and can be a decisive factor for the compliance and, consequently, the success of the therapy. Second
generation antipsychotics (SGAs), in particular, clozapine and olanzapine, lead to significant weight gain and impair glucose
metabolism. Despite the availability of newer SGAs, such as aripiprazole, which are considered to be less prone to
cause metabolic side effects, olanzapine is still one of the most prescribed SGAs worldwide. Antidepressant drugs may
also induce weight again and diabetes even though the literature is contradictory, probably due to different receptor affinities.
This review aims to provide an overview of the metabolic side effects caused by commonly used psychotropic drugs
and give insight into underlying mechanisms.