Abstract
The goal of this research is to develop an imaging agent that enables real-time and accurate diagnosis of smallsized colorectal cancer. Since colorectal cancer initially develops in the mucous membrane of the large intestine, a nonabsorbable colonoscopic imaging agent capable of being administered intracolonically was designed. The imaging agent is peanut agglutinin (PNA)-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) chains encapsulating coumarin 6. PNA is a targeting moiety that binds to β-D-galactosyl-(1-3)-N-acetyl-Dgalactosamine, which is the terminal sugar of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen that is specifically expressed on the mucosal side of colorectal cancer cells. PNVA is immobilized with the aim of reducing nonspecific interactions between the imaging agent and normal tissues, because the initial tumor-derived change is very small throughout the entire large intestine. Coumarin 6 is encapsulated into nanosphere cores to provide endoscopically-detectable fluorescence intensity. It is anticipated that the intracolonically-administered imaging agent recognizes tumor-derived changes in the large intestinal mucosa with high affinity and specificity. Real-time and accurate diagnosis of small-sized early colorectal cancer can be achieved through an imaging agent providing clear fluorescence contrast between normal and cancer tissues observed with a florescence endoscope. This review describes the design concept of this nanoprobe from a physicochemical perspective.
Keywords: Colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, diagnosis, endoscopy, imaging agent, lectin, nanospheres, poly(Nvinylacetamide), metastasis, narrow band imaging
Current Drug Discovery Technologies
Title: Lectin-Immobilized Fluorescent Nanospheres for Targeting to Colorectal Cancer from a Physicochemical Perspective
Volume: 8 Issue: 4
Author(s): Shinji Sakuma, Shinji Yamashita, Ken-ichiro Hiwatari, Robert M. Hoffman and Wellington Pham
Affiliation:
Keywords: Colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, diagnosis, endoscopy, imaging agent, lectin, nanospheres, poly(Nvinylacetamide), metastasis, narrow band imaging
Abstract: The goal of this research is to develop an imaging agent that enables real-time and accurate diagnosis of smallsized colorectal cancer. Since colorectal cancer initially develops in the mucous membrane of the large intestine, a nonabsorbable colonoscopic imaging agent capable of being administered intracolonically was designed. The imaging agent is peanut agglutinin (PNA)-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) chains encapsulating coumarin 6. PNA is a targeting moiety that binds to β-D-galactosyl-(1-3)-N-acetyl-Dgalactosamine, which is the terminal sugar of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen that is specifically expressed on the mucosal side of colorectal cancer cells. PNVA is immobilized with the aim of reducing nonspecific interactions between the imaging agent and normal tissues, because the initial tumor-derived change is very small throughout the entire large intestine. Coumarin 6 is encapsulated into nanosphere cores to provide endoscopically-detectable fluorescence intensity. It is anticipated that the intracolonically-administered imaging agent recognizes tumor-derived changes in the large intestinal mucosa with high affinity and specificity. Real-time and accurate diagnosis of small-sized early colorectal cancer can be achieved through an imaging agent providing clear fluorescence contrast between normal and cancer tissues observed with a florescence endoscope. This review describes the design concept of this nanoprobe from a physicochemical perspective.
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Sakuma Shinji, Yamashita Shinji, Hiwatari Ken-ichiro, M. Hoffman Robert and Pham Wellington, Lectin-Immobilized Fluorescent Nanospheres for Targeting to Colorectal Cancer from a Physicochemical Perspective, Current Drug Discovery Technologies 2011; 8 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016311798109407
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016311798109407 |
Print ISSN 1570-1638 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6220 |
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