Abstract
The oceans are a source of combinatorial library of unique natural products, ‘not found in the terrestrial environment’. Marine invertebrates such as sponges, molluscs, bryozoans, tunicates (Urochordata) and their associated microorganisms are the major representatives of promising bioactive compounds. Among these, the predatory molluscan cone snails have evolved with highly structured small and complex array of peptides (more than 50,000) linked to their prey capture and defence. These peptides have become a valuable source of neuro pharmacological targets as many of them selectively modulate ion channels and transporters. A group of scientists from United States, Europe, Australia, Israel and China has characterized drugs for neuropathic pain and pharmacological targets from the peptides of a few cone snail species. Several are now in clinical and preclinical development. Less than 1% of the cono peptides are pharmacologically characterized. India has a diversity of 20-30% of total cone snail species distributed worldwide. A group of Indian Scientists has made promising drug discovery programs from Conus peptides. This review will focus on the Conus peptides from Indian cone snails species, their neuro pharmacological targets and future directions.
Keywords: Indian cone snails, Conus monile, fingerprint of conotoxins, pharmacological targets, voltage gated sodium channels, calcium channels, potassium channels, sponges, molluscs, bryozoans, tunicates (Urochordata), Conus peptides, conidae, Conus araneosus, Conus betulinus, Conus virgo, Conus loroisii, Conus amadis, Conus achatinus, Conus inscriptus, Conus textile, Conus hyaena, Conotoxins
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Novel Pharmacological Targets From Indian Cone Snails
Volume: 11 Issue: 2
Author(s): M. Santhana Ramasamy and S. Manikandan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Indian cone snails, Conus monile, fingerprint of conotoxins, pharmacological targets, voltage gated sodium channels, calcium channels, potassium channels, sponges, molluscs, bryozoans, tunicates (Urochordata), Conus peptides, conidae, Conus araneosus, Conus betulinus, Conus virgo, Conus loroisii, Conus amadis, Conus achatinus, Conus inscriptus, Conus textile, Conus hyaena, Conotoxins
Abstract: The oceans are a source of combinatorial library of unique natural products, ‘not found in the terrestrial environment’. Marine invertebrates such as sponges, molluscs, bryozoans, tunicates (Urochordata) and their associated microorganisms are the major representatives of promising bioactive compounds. Among these, the predatory molluscan cone snails have evolved with highly structured small and complex array of peptides (more than 50,000) linked to their prey capture and defence. These peptides have become a valuable source of neuro pharmacological targets as many of them selectively modulate ion channels and transporters. A group of scientists from United States, Europe, Australia, Israel and China has characterized drugs for neuropathic pain and pharmacological targets from the peptides of a few cone snail species. Several are now in clinical and preclinical development. Less than 1% of the cono peptides are pharmacologically characterized. India has a diversity of 20-30% of total cone snail species distributed worldwide. A group of Indian Scientists has made promising drug discovery programs from Conus peptides. This review will focus on the Conus peptides from Indian cone snails species, their neuro pharmacological targets and future directions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Santhana Ramasamy M. and Manikandan S., Novel Pharmacological Targets From Indian Cone Snails, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2011; 11 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955711794519500
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955711794519500 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Drugs and mitochondria
Mitochondria play a central role in the life and death of cells. They are not merely the center for energy metabolism but are also the headquarters for different catabolic and anabolic processes, calcium fluxes, and various signaling pathways. Mitochondria maintain homeostasis in the cell by interacting with reactive oxygen-nitrogen species ...read more
Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Metabolic Disorders
Mitochondria are the primary site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mammalian cells. Moreover, these organelles are an important source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in virtually any nucleated cell type. The modulation of a myriad of cellular signaling pathways depends on the mitochondrial physiology. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Editorial (Hot Topic: Palmitoylethanolamide: Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use of a Pleiotropic Anti-Inflammatory Lipid Mediator)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Application of Efficient Nanoparticles for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer
Current Drug Metabolism Serotonin as a Modulator of Glutamate- and GABA-Mediated Neurotransmission: Implications in Physiological Functions and in Pathology
Current Neuropharmacology Mitochondrially-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Classical Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides Involved in Major Depression in a Multi-neurotransmitter System: A Focus on Antidepressant Drugs
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with Klinefelter’s Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Investigation and Need of Bioequivalence Study: Methodology and Regulatory Requirement
Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Glutamate Dehydrogenase as a Promising Target for Hyperinsulinism Hyperammonemia Syndrome Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Relevance of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein to Brain Distribution and Central Acting Drugs: A Pharmacokinetic Perspective
Current Drug Metabolism Screening of Some Novel 4, 5 Disubstituted 1, 2, 4-Triazole-3-thiones for Anticonvulsant Activity
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Biology of Heme: Drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions with CYP450
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Seizure Prediction on EEG Signals using Feature Augmentation based Multi Model Ensemble
Recent Patents on Engineering Potential Phytotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: An Overview
Current Traditional Medicine Antiepileptic Drugs in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cutting through the Complexities of mTOR for the Treatment of Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research Tryptamine Induces Axonopathy and Mitochondriopathy Mimicking Neurodegenerative Diseases via Tryptophanyl-tRNA Deficiency
Current Alzheimer Research Prevalence, Severity and Characteristics of Tardive Dyskinesia Among Schizophrenia Patients in an Israeli Psychiatric Center
Current Psychopharmacology Molecular Structure of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Roles of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Seizures and Epilepsy
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Raf Inhibitors as Therapeutic Agents Against Neurodegenerative Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets