Abstract
Intracellular cAMP is an ubiquitous intracellular second messenger that regulates important cellular functions. Intracellular cAMP levels are regulated by the enzymes adenylyl cyclase and phosphodiesterases. The role of cAMP in atherosclerosis is not widely accepted and incompletely characterized. Several reports support a role of cAMP in atherogenesis by modulating the function of vascular endothelium, the production of reactive oxygen species, the recruitment of circulating monocytes to the artery wall and their differentiation into macrophages- foam cells, by controlling the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins, and regulating serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Previous reports suggested an important role of cAMP in the modulation of atherosclerotic plaque progression by removal of excess free cholesterol from macrophages by inducing the ABCA1 secretory pathway and reducing circulating levels of cholesterol. Studies suggested a crucial role of cAMP on the development of acute coronary syndromes [(ACS); unstable angina, and acute myocardial infarction] and stroke, by modulating platelet aggregation and thrombus formation and the expression of metalloproteinases. This review focuses on the identified mechanisms and roles of cAMP in the prevention of atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, and progression of atherosclerosis and the development of ACS. Finally, it provides evidence that showed the beneficial effects that may derive from the inhibition of phosphodiesterase III and activation of adenylyl cyclase and subsequent elevation of cAMP levels. Thus, cAMP may be a possible target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Keywords: cAMP, atherogenesis, atherosclerotic plaque, epidemiological and clinical evidence, therapeutic implications
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: The Role of Intracellular 35-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) in Atherosclerosis
Volume: 8 Issue: 4
Author(s): Panayotis Fantidis
Affiliation:
Keywords: cAMP, atherogenesis, atherosclerotic plaque, epidemiological and clinical evidence, therapeutic implications
Abstract: Intracellular cAMP is an ubiquitous intracellular second messenger that regulates important cellular functions. Intracellular cAMP levels are regulated by the enzymes adenylyl cyclase and phosphodiesterases. The role of cAMP in atherosclerosis is not widely accepted and incompletely characterized. Several reports support a role of cAMP in atherogenesis by modulating the function of vascular endothelium, the production of reactive oxygen species, the recruitment of circulating monocytes to the artery wall and their differentiation into macrophages- foam cells, by controlling the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins, and regulating serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Previous reports suggested an important role of cAMP in the modulation of atherosclerotic plaque progression by removal of excess free cholesterol from macrophages by inducing the ABCA1 secretory pathway and reducing circulating levels of cholesterol. Studies suggested a crucial role of cAMP on the development of acute coronary syndromes [(ACS); unstable angina, and acute myocardial infarction] and stroke, by modulating platelet aggregation and thrombus formation and the expression of metalloproteinases. This review focuses on the identified mechanisms and roles of cAMP in the prevention of atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, and progression of atherosclerosis and the development of ACS. Finally, it provides evidence that showed the beneficial effects that may derive from the inhibition of phosphodiesterase III and activation of adenylyl cyclase and subsequent elevation of cAMP levels. Thus, cAMP may be a possible target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Fantidis Panayotis, The Role of Intracellular 35-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) in Atherosclerosis, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2010; 8 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016110791330843
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016110791330843 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Arterial Stiffness: Novel Therapeutic Frontiers
Arterial stiffness, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, poses significant challenges in contemporary healthcare. This thematic issue delves into the multifaceted landscape of arterial stiffness and explores cutting-edge therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating its adverse effects. Within these pages, readers will find a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying arterial stiffness, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
![Wayfinder Image](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Matrix Metalloproteinase Knockout Studies and the Potential Use of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors in the Rheumatic Diseases
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Affect the Cholinergic Transmission a nd Cognitive Functions
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Psychosocial Implications During Adolescence for Infant Heart Transplant Recipients
Current Cardiology Reviews Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of Meglitinides
Current Drug Safety Editorial: [Hot Topic: Establishment of the Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre]
Current Drug Targets The Role of 11Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Metabolic Disease and Therapeutic Potential of 11Beta-HSD1 Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry History and Milestones of Mouse Models of Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Computer-Aided Drug Design for AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activators
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) Related Deaths: Autoptic, Histopathological and Toxicological Findings
Current Neuropharmacology RNA Interference-based Therapies for the Reduction of Cardiovascular Risk
Current Molecular Pharmacology Mineralocorticoid Receptor-Associated Hypertension and Target Organ Damage: Clinical Relevance for Resistant Hypertension in End Stage Renal Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Passive Smoking and Coronary Heart Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Heme Oxygenase-Derived Carbon Monoxide Restores Vascular Function in Type 1 Diabetes
Drug Metabolism Letters Rationale and Design of an Observational Study to Determine the Effects of Cholecalciferol on Hypertension, Proteinuria and Urinary MCP-1 in ADPKD
Current Hypertension Reviews Chronic Mild Stress Paradigm Reduces Sweet Food Intake in Rats without Affecting Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Protein Levels
Current Neurovascular Research Effects of Imidazolic Agonism on Blood Pressure, Sympathetic Activity, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Insulin Resistance
Current Hypertension Reviews Annexins in the Central Nervous System: Are they Neuroprotective or Proapoptotic Agents?
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Febuxostat as a Novel Agent Postulated to Act Against Vascular Inflammation
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Teaching a Lifestyle Intervention for Reversing Impaired Fasting Glucose, Hyperlipidemia and Obesity/Overweight to a Cohort of Local Physicians
Current Nutrition & Food Science Fractalkine/CX3CR1 Signalling in Chronic Pain and Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology