Abstract
As increasingly shown in neuropathological and predementia clinical studies, cognitive decline with altered intracranial dynamics can fulfill current clinical criteria of dementia of the Alzheimers type (DAT) and there is a marked pathogenic complexity of this epidemic syndrome. Whereas structural studies only suggest the unexpected frequency of cerebrovascular changes in late life DAT, flow quantification MR sequences now offer a great opportunity of in vivo accurate analysis of cerebrovascular function. Their first applications have allowed development of a modern concept of the intracranial dynamics; a complex windkessel system allows two processes that are crucial to insure brain oxygenation and nutrition, a periodic systolic marked expansion of the intracranial blood compartment within the rigid cranial cavity on the one hand, a marked dampening of the arterial pulse wave before it reaches capillary level on the other hand. This modern concept has allowed better understanding of two archetypes of windkessel failure or so-called pulse wave encephalopathy, normal pressure hydrocephalus and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. Dynamic MRI may now help to detect and classify distinct patterns of cerebrovascular dysfunction in DAT. This dynamic approach helps to understand the major association between aging and DAT as well as the increasingly recognized overlap between Alzheimers pathology, normal pressure hydrocephalus and arteriosclerotic neurodegeneration. Evidence of such a great variety of disturbances in intracranial dynamics behind a single clinical syndrome of DAT can greatly impact therapeutic research on this devastating disorder.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: Intracranial MR Dynamics in Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimers Disease: The Emerging Concept of “Pulse Wave Encephalopathy”
Volume: 6 Issue: 6
Author(s): Marie Cecile Henry-Feugeas
Affiliation:
Abstract: As increasingly shown in neuropathological and predementia clinical studies, cognitive decline with altered intracranial dynamics can fulfill current clinical criteria of dementia of the Alzheimers type (DAT) and there is a marked pathogenic complexity of this epidemic syndrome. Whereas structural studies only suggest the unexpected frequency of cerebrovascular changes in late life DAT, flow quantification MR sequences now offer a great opportunity of in vivo accurate analysis of cerebrovascular function. Their first applications have allowed development of a modern concept of the intracranial dynamics; a complex windkessel system allows two processes that are crucial to insure brain oxygenation and nutrition, a periodic systolic marked expansion of the intracranial blood compartment within the rigid cranial cavity on the one hand, a marked dampening of the arterial pulse wave before it reaches capillary level on the other hand. This modern concept has allowed better understanding of two archetypes of windkessel failure or so-called pulse wave encephalopathy, normal pressure hydrocephalus and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. Dynamic MRI may now help to detect and classify distinct patterns of cerebrovascular dysfunction in DAT. This dynamic approach helps to understand the major association between aging and DAT as well as the increasingly recognized overlap between Alzheimers pathology, normal pressure hydrocephalus and arteriosclerotic neurodegeneration. Evidence of such a great variety of disturbances in intracranial dynamics behind a single clinical syndrome of DAT can greatly impact therapeutic research on this devastating disorder.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Henry-Feugeas Cecile Marie, Intracranial MR Dynamics in Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimers Disease: The Emerging Concept of “Pulse Wave Encephalopathy”, Current Alzheimer Research 2009; 6 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720509790147124
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720509790147124 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite decades of research, no cure or disease-modifying treatment is available yet. Therefore, the need for developing effective therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease is an urgent matter. This special issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
An Effective Brain Imaging Biomarker for AD and aMCI: ALFF in Slow-5 Frequency Band
Current Alzheimer Research Cerebrovascular and Blood-Brain Barrier Morphology in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Effect of Treatment with Choline Alphoscerate
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Regulation of βAPP and PrPc Cleavage by α-Secretase: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Perspectives
Current Alzheimer Research Targeting of NMDA Receptors in the Treatment of Major Depression
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endothelial Function Assessment in Complicated Hypertension
Current Pharmaceutical Design Antioxidants and Neuroprotection in the Adult and Developing Central Nervous System
Current Medicinal Chemistry Endophenotypes and Biological Markers of Schizophrenia: From Biological Signs of Illness to Novel Treatment Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Atherosclerosis
Current Molecular Medicine Determination of Homocysteine in Human Saliva by Liquid Chromatography and Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry: Profiles in Healthy Adults
Protein & Peptide Letters A Series of Novel Neuroprotective Blood Brain Barrier Penetrating Flavonoid Drugs to Treat Acute Ischemic Stroke
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nimodipine Reappraised: An Old Drug With a Future
Current Neuropharmacology Pharmacomimetics of Exercise: Novel Approaches for Hippocampally- Targeted Neuroprotective Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α are not Associated with Plasma Homocysteine Concentration in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research A Healthy Gut for a Healthy Brain: Preclinical, Clinical and Regulatory Aspects
Current Neuropharmacology Modulation of Retinal Arteriolar Central Reflection by APOE Genotype
Current Alzheimer Research Protective Effects of Anesthetics on Vascular Function Related to K<sup>+</sup> Channels
Current Pharmaceutical Design Serum Levels of Progranulin Do Not Reflect Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels in Neurodegenerative Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Pathogens and Chronic or Long-Term Neurologic Disorders
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets What Metabolic Syndrome Contributes to Brain Outcomes in African American & Caucasian Cohorts
Current Alzheimer Research BACE1 Levels Correlate with Phospho-Tau Levels in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid
Current Alzheimer Research