Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance in the setting of inadequate beta-cell compensation. Impaired beta-cell function and possibly beta-cell mass appear to be reversible, particularly at early stages of the disease. Pancreatic beta-cells possess the potential to greatly expand their function and mass in both physiologic and pathologic states by several mechanisms, including hypertrophy and proliferation of existing beta-cells, increased insulin production and secretion, and formation of new beta-cells from progenitor cells. Recently a large number of factors controlling the differentiation of beta-cells has been identified and among them the parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) emerged as a strong candidate in ß-cell survival. In this review, we will hightlight our current knowledge in PTHrP physiology implicating its role into the mechanisms of beta-cell mass regulation and consequently in diabetes. Further research into mechanisms will reveal the key modulators of beta-cell failure and thus identify possible novel therapeutic targets.
Keywords: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), diabetes, ß-cell survival, glucose homeostasis
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: The Role of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus
Volume: 9 Issue: 6
Author(s): Ioannis Legakis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), diabetes, ß-cell survival, glucose homeostasis
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance in the setting of inadequate beta-cell compensation. Impaired beta-cell function and possibly beta-cell mass appear to be reversible, particularly at early stages of the disease. Pancreatic beta-cells possess the potential to greatly expand their function and mass in both physiologic and pathologic states by several mechanisms, including hypertrophy and proliferation of existing beta-cells, increased insulin production and secretion, and formation of new beta-cells from progenitor cells. Recently a large number of factors controlling the differentiation of beta-cells has been identified and among them the parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) emerged as a strong candidate in ß-cell survival. In this review, we will hightlight our current knowledge in PTHrP physiology implicating its role into the mechanisms of beta-cell mass regulation and consequently in diabetes. Further research into mechanisms will reveal the key modulators of beta-cell failure and thus identify possible novel therapeutic targets.
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Cite this article as:
Legakis Ioannis, The Role of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 9 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955709788452766
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955709788452766 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
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