Abstract
Immune dependent growth and development of infectious agents and pathogenesis are increasingly being recognized as crucial for designing efficient immunotherapeutic approaches for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nitric oxide (NO) in the context of mycobacterial infection is an essential component of the protective armory of host innate immune system. However, the ability of NO to suppress host immune response questions the traditional view that production of NO is actually designed for anti-microbial mechanism. Human tuberculosis is considered as a prime example of a disease controlled dominantly by cell-mediated and not by humoral immunity. Interleukins like IL-12 and IL-8 play important roles in anti-tuberculosis immunity. While IL-8 has a central role in leukocyte recruitment to areas of granuloma formation, IL-12 helps in the generation of effective cell-mediated immune response in tuberculosis. NO shows an ability to inhibit mycobacterial infection by inducing innate-cytotoxic response and by increasing IL-8 induction. However, it may become a problem in later phase when it converts a protective Th1 response to a subversive Th2 response mainly by inhibiting IL-12 cytokine, thus acting as a potential regulator of Th1/Th2 response. This review intends to explore the possibilities that can be envisioned for exploring NO from immunotherapeutic perspectives in mycobacterial immunity.
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, macrophage, nitric oxide, interleukin-12, Th1/Th2, immunoregulation
Current Signal Transduction Therapy
Title: Nitric Oxide: Friendly Rivalry in Tuberculosis
Volume: 2 Issue: 2
Author(s): Sangita Mukhopadhyay, Shiny Nair and Seyed E. Hasnain
Affiliation:
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, macrophage, nitric oxide, interleukin-12, Th1/Th2, immunoregulation
Abstract: Immune dependent growth and development of infectious agents and pathogenesis are increasingly being recognized as crucial for designing efficient immunotherapeutic approaches for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nitric oxide (NO) in the context of mycobacterial infection is an essential component of the protective armory of host innate immune system. However, the ability of NO to suppress host immune response questions the traditional view that production of NO is actually designed for anti-microbial mechanism. Human tuberculosis is considered as a prime example of a disease controlled dominantly by cell-mediated and not by humoral immunity. Interleukins like IL-12 and IL-8 play important roles in anti-tuberculosis immunity. While IL-8 has a central role in leukocyte recruitment to areas of granuloma formation, IL-12 helps in the generation of effective cell-mediated immune response in tuberculosis. NO shows an ability to inhibit mycobacterial infection by inducing innate-cytotoxic response and by increasing IL-8 induction. However, it may become a problem in later phase when it converts a protective Th1 response to a subversive Th2 response mainly by inhibiting IL-12 cytokine, thus acting as a potential regulator of Th1/Th2 response. This review intends to explore the possibilities that can be envisioned for exploring NO from immunotherapeutic perspectives in mycobacterial immunity.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mukhopadhyay Sangita, Nair Shiny and Hasnain E. Seyed, Nitric Oxide: Friendly Rivalry in Tuberculosis, Current Signal Transduction Therapy 2007; 2 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157436207780619536
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157436207780619536 |
Print ISSN 1574-3624 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-389X |
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Mechanistic Targets of Antifungal Agents: An Overview
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Simultaneous Detection of Drug-resistant Mutations in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and Determining their Role through <i>In Silico</i> Docking
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Pyrazinamide and Pyrazinoic Acid Derivatives Directed to Mycobacterial Enzymes Against Tuberculosis
Current Protein & Peptide Science Potential Triazole-based Molecules for the Treatment of Neglected Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Novel and Significant Method for Antioxidant Activity Utilizing Microtitre-plate (Resazurin Reducing Power Assay)
Current Chemical Biology Peptoids: Bio-Inspired Polymers as Potential Pharmaceuticals
Current Pharmaceutical Design Antiidiotype-Derived Killer Peptides As New Potential Tools to Combat HIV-1 and AIDS-Related Opportunistic Pathogens
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Syntheses and Antimycobacterial Activities of [(2S,3R)-2-(Amino)-4- (Arenesulfonamido)-3-Hydroxy-1-Phenylbutane Derivatives
Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress in the Molecular Mechanism of Pathogenesis at Different Diseased States of Organism in Clinics and Experiment
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Antimicrobial Activities of 1-H-Benzimidazole-based Molecules
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus in Northwest of Iran
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Antimicrobial Potential of Benzamides and Derived Nanosystems for Controlling in vitro Biofilm Development on Medical Devices
Current Organic Chemistry A Review of Flavonoids from Cassia Species and their Biological Activity
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Biographical Sketches of Authors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Carbazole Derivatives as Antitubercular and Antibacterial Agents
Current Bioactive Compounds Editorial [Hot Topic: Carbonic Anhydrases: Again, and Again, and Again (Executive Editor: Claudiu T. Supuran)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design In Silico Appraisal, Synthesis, Antibacterial Screening and DNA Cleavage for 1,2,5-thiadiazole Derivative
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Update on Nitazoxanide: A Multifunctional Chemotherapeutic Agent
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Natural Naphthoquinones with Great Importance in Medicinal Chemistry
Current Organic Synthesis Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz with and without the Use of Rifampicin in HIV-Positive Patients
Current HIV Research